The Cross Canada Cycle Tour Society May, 2019 Volume 36, Issue #5
Presidents Report
May, 2019
Motorists Dehumanize Cyclists – Who Would’ve Known?
John Pringle
He’s a cute wee fellow. Big brown eyes. Modest smile. The picture of health. Black helmet. Yellow strap. Enjoying his red, bell-equipped mountain bike. He’s seven or eight. He captivates a full page ad in a recent issue of the Globe and Mail. The caption: “I love to cycle. My parents love it too because it’s an activity I can enjoy for the rest of my life. Help me develop physical literacy and I will be ACTIVE FOR LIFE.” A joyous message. Full of optimism for a bicycle-centric lifestyle.
As is often the case, along a few pages in the same paper was a contradictory article to the idyllic scene described above; were truth be told a somewhat frightening article titled, “Why can’t motorists and cyclists get along?” by Adrienne Tanner, a Vancouver-based journalist. The title of her article was the same question I pondered in my February, 2017 President’s Report. I concluded in it that, as irrational as it may seem, non-cycling friends and relatives may actually dislike us, maybe even hate us, when we’re on our bikes. Tanner’s article may give a clue as to why.
An Australian group of researchers, psychologists and sociologists working in the transportation field, hypothesized that “dehumanization” (Oxford Living Dictionary: “The process of depriving a person or a group of positive human qualities” 😉 was the cause of irrational behaviour of motorists toward cyclists. This pilot study (pilot, because 442 friends and family were surveyed, not a random sample of the population) was the first to use the concept of “dehumanization” in the transportation industry. Respondents were asked to rank from one to seven, answers to such questions suggesting cyclists had either positive or negative behavioural tendencies i.e. “I feel like cyclists are refined and cultured”, “I feel like cyclists lack self-restraint, like an animal”. Tanner reported, “They found a high correlation between respondents that scored high on the negative questions, indicating dehumanization, and aggressive actions toward cyclists.” Their study did not yield data on why certain motorists had this feeling of animosity toward cyclists; that they dehumanized them. But the results suggested a more thorough study should be undertaken using the dehumanization concept to better understand motorist/cyclist interactions.
So where do you and I and the rest of urbanized cyclists go from here: Particularly now that we have evidence our wonderfully spiffy bicycle and our very bright and necessary costume of helmet and spandex clothing may be alienating us from the very folks whom we are at the mercy of, as they drive along-side of us?
First, the Australian study needs to go from the “pilot” study reported here to a well-defined study, although it warranted publication in the journal, Transportation Research. This suggests there was enough solid information in it to deem it a serious contribution. Secondly, we cyclists should not be naïve. Just as we’ve suspected, there is a segment of the motoring population who has “dehumanized” us. Be aware! Dale Bracewell, Vancouver’s Manager of Transportation Planning, and a huge supporter of cycling infrastructure, was struck while cycling. It was a hit and run. He was traumatized by the aggressive action of the driver. They slowed, signalling knowledge of the hit, but sped up and carried on leaving him vulnerable in traffic. It was Bracewell who brought local attention to the Australian study.
How about our little guy in the ad, confidently cycling along? The message being that adults should teach us kids “physical literacy” so we can be active on a bike for life. Hmmmm?
It is perplexing. It is a conundrum. Are cyclists a threat to motorists? Yes, there have been enlightened politicians who believe as we, that cyclists do deserve a piece of the road, and are moving, slowly, to give us a protected share. Witness the fuss by some Victoria BC motorists when protected lanes were opened in a small section of the downtown road system. But, to translate their perceived annoyance to “dehumanization of cyclists” would, I thought, be a stretch. Though in my previous contemplation of the question in play, “Why can’t motorists and cyclists get along?” it has crossed my mind that there are some drivers who just don’t like us. Now that we have some proof of this from Australia, we Canadian cyclists might lobby to have research monies expended to better understand what motivates the antagonism of local motorists: Have we become dehumanized too?
Saturday, 27 April 2019
14 Benefits of cycling: why cycle for exercise?
Admittedly, we’re biased – but there are an awful lot of good reasons to choose bike riding as your newest pass time. Here are just a few…
1. Cycling improves mental well-being
A study by the YMCA showed that people who had a physically active lifestyle had a wellbeing score 32 per cent higher than inactive individuals.
There are so many ways that exercise can boost your mood: there’s the basic release of adrenalin and endorphins, and the improved confidence that comes from achieving new things (such as completing a sportive or getting closer to that goal).
Cycling combines physical exercise with being outdoors and exploring new views. You can ride solo – giving you time to process worries or concerns, or you can ride with a group which broadens your social circle.
Former Hour Record holder Graeme Obree has suffered from depression through much of his life, and told us: “Getting out and riding will help [people suffering with depression]… Without cycling, I don’t know where I would be.”
2.Cycling promotes weight loss
The simple equation, when it comes to weight loss, is ‘calories out must exceed calories in’. So you need to burn more calories than you consume to lose weight. Cycling burns calories: between 400 and 1000 an hour, depending on intensity and rider weight.
Of course, there are other factors: the make-up of the calories you consume affects the frequency of your refueling, as does the quality of your sleep and of course the amount of time you spend burning calories will be influenced by how much you enjoy your chosen activity.
Assuming you enjoy cycling, you’ll be burning calories. And if you eat well, you should lose weight.
3. Cycling builds muscle
The resistance element of cycling means that it doesn’t just burn fat: it also builds muscle – particularly around the glutes, hamstrings, quads, and calves. Muscle is leaner than fat, and people with a higher percentage of muscle burn more calories even when sedentary.
To be clear – you won’t end up with quads like a track sprinter unless you invest a serious amount of time at the squat rack. But you will develop a nice toned derriere.
4. Enjoy second breakfasts
If you decide to cycle to work, you’ve got a great excuse to add a couple of guilt free snacks to your day.
Since a half hour ride to work should be burning between 200 and 500 calories, you’ve got a license to enjoy a smug second breakfast at your desk.
If you’re serious about burning fat, you could do your morning ride fasted (sans breakfast) – but that’s mainly a habit reserved for the most dedicated of nutters.
5. Better lung health
You won’t be alone if this point seems contradictory to common sense. But a recent study suggests that people who ride a bike are actually exposed to fewer dangerous fumes than those who travel by car.
A study by the Healthy Air Campaign, Kings College London, and Camden Council, saw air pollution detectors fitted to a driver, a bus user, a pedestrian and a cyclist using a busy route through central London.
The results showed that the driver experienced five times higher pollution levels than the cyclist, as well as three and a half more than the walker and two and a half times more than the bus user. Long story short: the cyclist won.
6. Cuts heart disease and cancer risk
Cycling raises your heart rate and gets the blood pumping round your body, and it burns calories, limiting the chance of your being overweight. As a result, it’s among a selection of forms of exercise recommended by the NHS as being healthy ways to cut your risk of developing major illnesses such as heart disease and cancer.
New evidence was presented in the form of a study conducted by the University of Glasgow, earlier this year. Researchers studied over 260,000 individuals over the course of five years – and found that cycling to work can cut a riders risk of developing heart disease or cancer in half. The full study can be read here.
Dr. Jason Gill of the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences commented: “Cycling all or part of the way to work was associated with substantially lower risk of adverse health outcomes.”
7. Cycling is low impact
Many of the upshots we discuss when we talk about the benefits of cycling are exercise related. Reckon it might be easier to just go for a run?
Running is weight bearing – and therefore injury rates are higher. Cycling, by contrast to running, is not weight bearing.
When scientists compared groups of exercisers – long distance runners and cyclists, they found the runners suffered 133-144 per cent more muscle damage, 256 per cent more, inflammation and DOMS 87 per cent higher.
Whilst cycling is less likely to result in an overuse injury, they can still crop up. A professional bike fit is a good idea – skimping here is a false economy if you end up spending more cash on physio.
The lack of weight bearing also means that cycling does not do as much to increase bone density as other sports – so it’s a good idea to add a little strength training in to your programme.
8. Cycling saves time
Compare these three experiences:
- Get in the car, sit in traffic, queue to get into the car park, park, pay to park, arrive
- Walk to bus stop, wait for bus, complain about bus being late, get on bus (pay), watch as it takes you round-the-houses, arrive, about half a mile from your destination
- Get on the bike, filter past traffic, lock the bike, arrive
Short journeys contribute massively to global pollution levels, and often involve a fair amount of stationary staring at the bumper in front. Get on the bike, and you’ll save on petrol or cash on public transport, as well as time.
9. Cycling improves navigational skills
In the world of car sat navs and Google maps, sometimes there’s just not that much incentive to sharpen your natural sense of direction (however superior or otherwise it may be).
Unless you’ve invested in a GPS cycling computer with mapping capabilities such as a Garmin 1000, then getting out and exploring the lanes can provide essential exercise for your internal mapping capabilities, giving you (with practice) a better idea of which way is West.
10. Sleep better
It probably isn’t rocket science that tiring yourself out on the bike will improve your sleep – but now it’s been proven. Researchers at the University of Georgia studied men and women aged 20 to 85 over a period of 35 years, and found that a drop in fitness of 2 per cent for men and 4 per cent for women resulted in sleep problems.
Dr Rodney Dishman was one of the lead authors, and commented: “The steepest decline in cardiorespiratory fitness happens between ages 40 and 60. This is also when problems of sleep duration and quality are elevated.”
Looking for causes behind the link the scientists suggested it could be a reduction in anxiety, brought about by exercise, that elevates the ability to sleep. Exercise also protects against weight gain with age, which is another cause of sleep dysfunction.
11. Boost your brain power
Exercise has been repeatedly linked to brain health – and the reduction of cognitive changes that can leave us vulnerable to dementia later in life.
A 2013 study found that during exercise, cyclists’ blood flow in the brain rose by 28 per cent, and up to 70 per cent in specific areas. Not only that, but after exercise, in some areas blood flow remained up by 40 per cent even after exercise.
Improved blood flow is good because the red stuff delivers all sorts of goodies that keep us healthy – and the study concluded that we should cycle for 45-60 minutes, at 75-85 per cent of max ‘hear rate reserve’ (max heart rate minus resting heart rate) four times a week. Nothing stopping you riding more, of course.
12. Improve handling and spacial awareness
Cycling isn’t just about raising your heart rate and getting you breathless – unless you’re doing it on Zwift. There are technical elements – climbing, descending and cornering all teach you to use your body weight to get the bike to go where you want it to.
Gaining the skills to manage these technical elements can provide a massive confidence boost – especially when you start to see improvement. Plus, you might just find your abilities to manage that dodgy shopping trolley with the wonky wheels greatly improves.
13. Strengthen your immune system
Dr. David Nieman and his colleagues at Appalachian State University studied 1000 adults up to the age of 85. They found that exercise had huge benefits on the health of the upper respiratory system – thus reducing instances of the common cold.
Nieman said: “People can knock down sick days by about 40 percent by exercising aerobically on most days of the week while at the same time receiving many other exercise-related health benefits.”
Professor Tim Noakes, of exercise and sports science at the University of Cape Town, South Africa, also tells us that mild exercise can improve our immune system by increasing production of essential proteins and waking up lazy white blood cells.
Why choose the bike? Cycling to work can reduce the time of your commute, and free you from the confines of germ infused buses and trains.
There is a but. Evidence suggests that immediately after intense exercise, such as an interval training session, your immune system is lowered – but adequate recovery such as eating and sleeping well can help to reverse this.
14. Grow your social circle
Cycling is an incredibly sociable sport. Grassroots cycling revolves around cycling club culture – which in turn revolves around the Saturday or Sunday club run: several hours of riding at an intensity that enables easy chat, interrupted only by a cafe stop (or the occasional puncture).
Joining a cycling club or group is an excellent way to grow your social circle, and if you’re new to riding – you’ll probably find all the maintenance and training advice you may have been looking for there, too.
Upcoming Tours
Upcoming Hub and spokes
2019 – Guelph, Ontario Hub & Spoke
New Members
| first_name | last_name | city | province |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gary | Loosemore | White rock | BC |
| George | Collicott | Victoria | BC |
| Sheri | Bourrie | Comox | BC |
| Thomas | Siems | White Rock | BC |
| Gillian | Lawson | Victoria | BC |
| Mardi | Redshaw | Carp | ON |
| Dan | Ramsden | Surrey | BC |
| Lorna | Ramsden | Surrey | BC |
| Wanda | Farran | Comox | BC |
| Corinne | Wilson | Ottawa | ON |
| Dawn | White | Surrey | BC |
| Steve | Glasby | Pallarenda | AU |
Published at least ten times a year by The Cross Canada Cycle Tour Society, a non – profit organization for retired people and others who enjoy recreational cycling.
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